---
type: source
title: "OpenAI's 'Compromise' with the Pentagon Is What Anthropic Feared"
author: "MIT Technology Review"
url: https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/03/02/1133850/openais-compromise-with-the-pentagon-is-what-anthropic-feared/
date: 2026-03-02
domain: ai-alignment
secondary_domains: []
format: article
status: processed
priority: high
tags: [OpenAI, Anthropic, Pentagon, race-to-the-bottom, voluntary-safety-constraints, autonomous-weapons, domestic-surveillance, trust-us, coordination-failure, B2]
---

## Content

MIT Technology Review analysis of the OpenAI-Pentagon deal, published March 2, 2026 — three days after Anthropic's blacklisting.

**The structural dynamic:**
- February 27: Anthropic blacklisted for refusing "any lawful purpose" language
- February 27 (hours later): OpenAI announced Pentagon deal under "any lawful purpose" language
- OpenAI CEO Altman initially called the Anthropic blacklisting "a very bad decision from the DoW" and a "scary precedent"
- Then accepted terms that created the precedent

**OpenAI's "compromise":**
- Accepted "any lawful purpose" DoD language
- Added aspirational red lines (no autonomous weapons targeting, no mass domestic surveillance) but WITHOUT outright contractual bans
- Amended contract to add: "the AI system shall not be intentionally used for domestic surveillance of U.S. persons and nationals"
- Critics (EFF, MIT Technology Review) identified significant loopholes:
  - "Intentionally" qualifier (accidental/incidental use not covered)
  - No external enforcement mechanism
  - Surveillance of non-US persons excluded
  - Contract not made public for independent verification

**OpenAI blog post title**: "Our agreement with the Department of War" — deliberate use of DoD's pre-1947 name, signaling internal distaste while publicly complying.

**The Intercept** headline: "OpenAI on Surveillance and Autonomous Killings: You're Going to Have to Trust Us"

**Fortune** headline: "The Anthropic–OpenAI feud and their Pentagon dispute expose a deeper problem with AI safety"

## Agent Notes

**Why this matters:** This is the cleanest documented case of B2 (alignment as coordination problem) in real-world corporate behavior. OpenAI publicly called Anthropic's blacklisting a "scary precedent" and a "bad decision" — meaning OpenAI genuinely believes safety constraints matter — then accepted terms that created the precedent hours later. The incentive structure (market exclusion vs holding safety lines) overrides genuinely held safety beliefs. This is not moral failure. It's what B2 predicts.

**What surprised me:** The "Department of War" framing in OpenAI's blog post title. This is passive-aggressive signaling — using the pre-1947 DoD name is a deliberate distancing move while complying. It suggests OpenAI is aware of the contradiction and is performing its discomfort rather than resolving it. That's different from not caring.

**What I expected but didn't find:** Any substantive enforcement mechanism in OpenAI's amended language. The "intentionally" qualifier and lack of external verification are loopholes large enough to drive an autonomous weapons program through.

**KB connections:**
- voluntary-safety-pledges-cannot-survive-competitive-pressure — this is the clearest empirical confirmation
- B2 (alignment as coordination problem) — Anthropic/OpenAI/DoD triangle is the structural case
- ai-is-critical-juncture-capabilities-governance-mismatch — the compromise reveals the mismatch in real time

**Extraction hints:**
- Enrichment: voluntary-safety-pledges-cannot-survive-competitive-pressure — add the Anthropic/OpenAI/DoD structural case as primary evidence
- Potential new claim: "When voluntary AI safety constraints create competitive disadvantage, competitors who accept weaker constraints capture the market while the safety-conscious actor faces exclusion — the Anthropic/OpenAI/DoD dynamic is the first major real-world case"
- The "intentionally" qualifier and lack of external enforcement as the gap between nominal and real voluntary constraints

**Context:** MIT Technology Review, March 2, 2026. Part of wave of coverage analyzing the OpenAI-Pentagon deal in light of the Anthropic blacklisting. The Register's headline: "OpenA says Pentagon set 'scary precedent' binning Anthropic." Fortune analyzed the broader structural problem.

## Curator Notes

PRIMARY CONNECTION: voluntary-safety-pledges-cannot-survive-competitive-pressure
WHY ARCHIVED: The Anthropic/OpenAI/DoD dynamic is the strongest real-world evidence that voluntary safety pledges fail under competitive pressure; OpenAI calling it a "scary precedent" while accepting the terms is the key signal that incentive structure, not bad values, drives the outcome
EXTRACTION HINT: Focus on the structural sequence (Anthropic holds → is excluded → competitor accepts looser terms → captures market) as the empirical case for the coordination failure mechanism; the "intentionally" qualifier as the gap between nominal and real voluntary constraints
