# Form Energy

**Type:** Company  
**Domain:** Energy  
**Status:** Early commercial deployment (2026)  
**Technology:** Iron-air battery for long-duration energy storage (LDES)

## Overview

Form Energy develops iron-air battery technology for long-duration energy storage using reversible rusting (iron oxidation/reduction) with air as the oxidant. The technology targets 100-hour continuous discharge duration at ~$20/kWh system cost, significantly lower than lithium-ion batteries at $150-300/kWh.

## Technology

- **Chemistry:** Reversible rusting (iron oxidation/reduction) using air as oxidant
- **Duration:** 100-hour continuous discharge (vs. 4-8 hours for lithium-ion)
- **System cost target:** ~$20/kWh capacity cost
- **Materials:** Iron, air, water (abundant, low-cost)
- **Advantages:** Lower fire risk, less degradation over time compared to lithium-ion
- **Competitive threshold:** Must fall below $20/kWh to economically displace nuclear/gas baseload

## Market Position

Form Energy is ahead of LDES peers including Quidnet Energy, Noon Energy, and Ore Energy, all of which remain at early stages. The company competes with peaker plants (gas turbines, pumped hydro) for multiday storage on the grid rather than with baseload nuclear for 24/7 firm power.

## Timeline

- **2026-Q1** — 1.5 MW proof-of-concept system deployed in California
- **2026** — 15 MW system deployed for Georgia Power
- **2026** — Two 10 MW systems deployed for Xcel Energy
- **2026** — 300 MW / 30 GWh deployment announced for Xcel Energy + Google, largest LDES project to date

## Sources

- latitudemedia.com, utilitydive.com, cleantechnica.com (2026-04-24)