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Oregon Measure 109
Type: State psilocybin regulation
Jurisdiction: Oregon, USA
Status: Active (approved 2020, implemented 2023)
Domain: Psychedelic policy
Overview
Measure 109 is Oregon's voter-approved ballot initiative establishing a state-regulated psilocybin services program. Passed in November 2020, it created the first legal framework in the United States for supervised psilocybin administration for therapeutic purposes outside of clinical trials.
Regulatory Framework
- State licensing of psilocybin service centers
- Facilitator training and certification requirements
- Minimum protocol requirements for preparation, administration, and integration
- No medical diagnosis required for access
- Services available to adults 21+
Implementation
The program became operational in 2023, with licensed service centers beginning to offer psilocybin sessions. Individual centers may exceed minimum regulatory requirements with enhanced screening, preparation, and integration protocols.
Access and Equity Issues
First published outcomes data (Bendable Therapy, 2026) revealed significant demographic disparities:
- 87.5% of clients are white
- 84.1% have completed higher education
- 77.3% earn above $50K annually
- 46.6% travel from out of state
- Program functions partly as "psilocybin tourism" destination
These patterns indicate the program is not reaching underserved populations despite being designed for therapeutic mental health access.
Clinical Outcomes
First naturalistic study (n=88, 30-day follow-up) showed large effect sizes:
- Depression: -4.63 points PHQ-8, d=0.90
- Anxiety: -4.85 points GAD-7, d=1.04
- Wellbeing: +10.67 points WHO-5, d=2.14
- Clinically significant HPPD at 30 days: 0%
- Lingering negative effects: 3.4%
Timeline
- 2020-11 — Measure 109 approved by Oregon voters
- 2023 — Program implementation begins, licensed service centers open
- 2024-03 — First prospective outcomes study begins (Bendable Therapy)
- 2026-02-18 — First published outcomes study released as medRxiv preprint, revealing both strong clinical effects and significant demographic access disparities